Completing his curiosity about the beheading tribe in East-Borneo
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| CarlBock:Kulturhistorisk Museum |
From the end of the 18th century until the early 20th century when the euphoria of the development of science swept across Europe, research after research was carried out, almost all fields of science, mathematics, physics, astronomy, biology as well the social sciences with their ramifications. In this era of scientific revolution mindset, changing the perception of the role of scientists concerning nature, evidence, and experiment, leading to a scientific methodology in which empiricism plays a big role.
In the same century, around the end of the 18th and early 19th centuries, the industrial revolution that began in England grew rapidly to almost all corners of European countries, including the Netherlands. In particular, for the Netherlands, the influence of the industrial revolution changed their way of thinking and acting in the colonies. Before the influence of the industrial revolution came, the Dutch transported commodities from crops and agriculture, and after the Industrial Revolution, the Dutch turned into mineral entrepreneurs who came from the bowels of the earth of the colony.
Far away there in an archipelago across the ocean far from Europe lay an archipelagic country which was later known as Indonesia with an area of 1,904,569 KM². Indonesia is a country crossed by the equator with tropical rain forests covering most of its islands. It has a wealth of mineral deposits in the bowels of the earth and biodiversity and is inhabited by hundreds of tribes and subs. Ethnic group.
When around the 1879s the Netherlands, which at that time controlled its colony called Indonesia, placed its highest ruler Johan van Lansbergen as Governor-General based in Batavia, assigning an adventurer, a Norwegian lithographer named Carl Alfred Bock, to sail to the land of East Borneo.
The Dutch funded Bock's journey to Borneo (now known as Kalimantan) whose mission was to record the natural resources of the land of Borneo, collect specimens of ancient relics, and gather information about the kingdom that stood on the land of Borneo and the people who lived there.
At that time need for coal fuel in Europe was high due to the influence of the industrial revolution, the Netherlands had to meet the need for cheap coal fuel to run industrial machinery, transportation and shipping as well as for trade.
Sure enough, in 1888, eight years later, after going through a series of geological studies, the Dutch finally established the first coal company in East Kalimantan, which was named Oost Borneo Maatchapjij. The location of the new coal mining is in the village of Batu Panggal, Sungai Kunjang District, Samarinda, East Borneo.
The Netherlands has known the potential for coal reserves spread across the land of Borneo, in 1848, which is 40 years earlier, the Dutch had operated a large-scale coal mine in South Borneo, located in Pengaron District, Banjar Regency. The coal mine, named Oranje Nassau, was the largest coal mine of its era.
At the end of his assignment in East Borneo around the end of 1880, Bock departed from Samarinda which was crossed by the Mahakam river to the upper reaches of the river by sailing boat to the center of the kingdom of the Kutai Kartanegara Sultanate in Tenggarong. At that time Samarinda was included in the tritori area of the Kutai Kartanegara Sultanate.
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| Image Source:Google map |
While in Samarinda Bock heard and obtained a lot of information about the indigenous tribes that inhabit the interior of the Borneo forest, including the Bahou Dayak tribe as one of the beheading hunter tribes. Bock thinks it's a great discovery if he can prove it by meeting and seeing the cannibals in person. Wanting to fulfill his curiosity, Bock went on an adventure to the interior of Borneo to meet directly with the Dayak tribe that was previously informed.
When Tenggarong Brock came to meet the ruling Sultan of Kutai, Sultan Aji Muhamad - General in Batavia assigned him to meet directly with the headhunting Dayak. For that purpose, Brock asked the Sultan to provide several bodyguards on his way.
From Tenggarong Brock departed west for 60 Km to Kota Bangun, from this place Brock planned his next trip and gathered more complete information about the whereabouts of the Head Hunting Tribe.
After the information was deemed sufficient a few days later Brock and a group of guards from the Kutai Sultanate departed from Kota Bangun to Muara Pahu. The distance between Kota Bangun and Muara Pahu is about 188 Km, in his book "The Head Hunter" Brock said he took this trip in four days.
In Muara Pahu Brock hoped to meet the Tring Tribe, a branch of the Bahou Tribe, but his hopes were in vain because Brock waited three days for nothing to find any Tring tribe there. Brock was impatient and wanted to go straight to the village where the beheading Dayak tribe resided, but the Sultan's confidants and the accompanying guards prevented him on the grounds of danger. In the end, one way...
will continue in the next post…
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